The 18th BRICS Summit, scheduled to take place in Delhi under the chairmanship of India, will have a number of pertinent issues to be discussed, such as the geopolitical situation emerging out of the recent quagmire created by increasing regional conflicts across the globe, proper governance, and various facets of developing societies, including the need for a robust security apparatus and new challenges.
The 11-member BRICS group, Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa, along with six additional members: Saudi Arabia, Egypt, the United Arab Emirates (UAE), Ethiopia, Iran, and Indonesia, will witness the remarkable diplomatic prowess of India in the coming days. While Iran is urging BRICS to criticise the role of the US and Israel in the ongoing conflict, the expectations of the UAE and Saudi Arabia are different.
Going by the multidimensional and high intensity of the myriad threats these countries are increasingly facing, the presently available security and economic apparatus in these countries needs to be modernised and diversified quickly. As seen in a recently held conclave of the National Security Advisors of the BRICS countries (Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa) in St. Petersburg, India’s dynamic and highly decorated NSA has already highlighted the role of Information and Communication Technology in dealing with modern security challenges and related issues such as transnational terrorism and its evolving nature over the years. The declaration by Russia regarding its likely focus on promoting the entire range of partnership and cooperation within the framework of the association across five key tracks, politics, security, the economy, finance, and cultural and humanitarian ties—is also noteworthy.
In the changing circumstances and with the ever-increasing reach of numerous security threats, the five core members—Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa—along with the newly inducted members such as Egypt, Iran, the UAE, Saudi Arabia, and Ethiopia (after the 2023 expansion), need to undergo a transformation to effectively counter sudden threats from different quarters. The role of Information and Communication Technology in addressing modern security challenges, including transnational terrorism and its changing nature, has remained a central theme in such summits.
Prime Minister Narendra Modi has already held a meeting with Russian President Vladimir Putin at the Kremlin during the 16th BRICS Summit and discussed ways to diversify cooperation between the two nations in sectors such as trade, commerce, security, agriculture, technology, and innovation. This has created a conducive background and provided much-needed impetus for a new roadmap in addressing myriad security concerns and challenges posed by both traditional and non-traditional threats, whether originating from state or non-state actors. This will further enable real-time sharing of geospatial data.
In addition, issues of global cooperation in the economic arena and public health, along with border security mechanisms and geospatial information sharing among BRICS members, may become vital components of the summit. This may further open avenues for increased infrastructure development, nuclear energy cooperation, bilateral trade, new modes of communication and connectivity, and enhanced geopolitical cooperation through closer coordination. This would certainly provide a significant platform for future Indo-BRICS ties, particularly with Russia, through diplomatic endeavours, and could mark the beginning of a new era of defence cooperation.
The forthcoming BRICS meeting holds considerable importance, as it could enhance opportunities for sharing information related to satellite data, military intelligence, and logistics facilities. This platform will be instrumental in strengthening international cooperation in combating transnational terrorism. According to analysts, this is a welcome development, as it would facilitate multi-layered security cooperation addressing a wide range of issues related to terrorism—from the funding of terrorist activities and policing cooperation to tackling cyber threats, enhancing technological capabilities for intelligence gathering, and strengthening maritime and border security frameworks.
Cooperation and coordination in enhancing communication capabilities and managing security arrangements to address any kind of threat remain the primary objectives of this framework. The key challenge, however, lies in developing the prudence to anticipate potential threats from religiously motivated extremist groups. There is also potential for increased cooperation between the security and defence establishments of member countries.
With a paradigm shift in the foreign policy outlook of nations, countries have become more pragmatic in their engagements and have increasingly adopted bilateral approaches alongside multilateral frameworks. Therefore, concerns about adverse impacts on relations with the US or other friendly countries are unlikely to significantly influence strategic policy formulation in the current scenario.
Another critical area requiring immediate attention is the development of mechanisms to address the threat of chemical weapons in the hands of emerging terrorist groups. Chemical weapons are difficult to detect and relatively easy to transport compared to conventional arms. Strengthening international cooperation through stringent laws and regulatory frameworks can provide an effective strategy to counter such threats. Collaboration between India and BRICS countries may also help develop a foolproof mechanism to curb the accessibility of explosives such as RDX and PETN (Pentaerythritol Tetranitrate), as well as sophisticated weapons like AK-56 and AK-47 assault rifles.
Furthermore, cooperation in policing and tackling drug trafficking can help dismantle the nexus between terrorist organisations and drug networks operating in regions such as Pakistan, Afghanistan, Laos, and beyond. However, a major challenge will remain in formulating effective strategies to counter religiously motivated terrorism.
India’s human-centric approach, as highlighted by Prime Minister Narendra Modi at the United Nations Summit held on 23rd September 2024, is supported by its large youth population and rooted in intergenerational solidarity and cultural continuity. Combined with a forward-looking vision driven by scientific and technological advancement, renewable energy initiatives such as solar energy, and commitments aligned with the Sustainable Development Goals adopted by all United Nations Member States in 2015, India’s efforts to bridge economic, technological, and social gaps will amplify the voice of the Global South and empower developing societies.
The world is undergoing a significant transnational transition, marked by shifting power dynamics and the emergence of a new global order. Recent developments underscore the importance of addressing popular aspirations to prevent instability and unrest. In this rapidly transforming global landscape, it is imperative for nations to forge collaborative strategies that extend beyond conventional security concerns.
The evolving dynamics of international relations demand a shared commitment to addressing multifaceted challenges such as terrorism, climate change, and technological disruptions. Agreements between the US and India signify steps towards fostering a collective approach to these global challenges, laying the foundation for sustained cooperation and mutual understanding.
Looking ahead, the success of these initiatives will depend on the ability of nations to rise above geopolitical rivalries and work together for the common good. Cultivating a global mindset is essential. Embracing such an approach can pave the way for a more secure, stable, and prosperous world. The responsibility lies with nations to uphold the principles of peace, justice, and equality, steering clear of power politics.
Through collective efforts, a harmonious world order can emerge, one where nations collaborate not only in pursuit of their own interests but also for the broader well-being of humanity. This journey requires contributions from all sections of society, including political leaders, educators, youth, students, policymakers, and civil society. By prioritising ethical education, fostering interdisciplinary learning, and embracing diversity, a strong foundation for an inclusive and prosperous future can be built.
In this journey towards a brighter future, India’s role as a mediator and champion of cooperation will be crucial. It is indeed a significant moment for Indian democracy that it maintains close ties with the world’s largest democracy, the United States, while simultaneously nurturing strong relationships with Russia, China, Israel, the UAE, Saudi Arabia, Iran, and other BRICS countries.
Therefore, the upcoming summit is expected to provide a new framework for security-related information sharing and greater confidence-building measures for a more peaceful future. This undoubtedly reflects the strength of Indian diplomacy and augurs well for the future of BRICS and global peace.
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